Diabetic nephropathy is a form of kidney disease that is caused by diabetes. It is one of the most common complications of diabetes, affecting an estimated 40-45% of people with diabetes. If left untreated it can lead to kidney failure. It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of diabetic nephropathy, and to be aware of ways to reduce your risk of developing this condition.
What Causes Diabetic Nephropathy?
The main cause of diabetic nephropathy is uncontrolled diabetes. High blood sugar levels caused by diabetes can damage the walls of the glomeruli, making them leaky and allowing proteins to pass through them into the urine. Other factors that can increase the risk of diabetic nephropathy include high blood pressure, smoking, and a family history of the condition.
What are the Symptoms of Diabetic Nephropathy?
Here are the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy:
- Fatigue
- Swelling in the feet and ankles
- Decreased appetite
- Nausea
- Difficulty concentrating
- Decreased urine output
- Increase in blood creatinine levels
- Increase in blood pressure
How is Diabetic Nephropathy Diagnosed?
Diabetic nephropathy is usually diagnosed with a urine test to check for the presence of protein. A blood test may also be done to check for increased creatinine levels, which can be a sign of kidney damage. Imaging tests such as an ultrasound or a CT scan may also be done to get a better look at the kidneys and assess the degree of damage.
How is Diabetic Nephropathy Treated?
Here are the treatment options for diabetic nephropathy:
Lifestyle changes:
- Regular exercise
- Healthy diet
- Smoking cessation
Medications:
- ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors)
- Angiotensin receptor blockers
- Diuretics
Advanced treatment options:
- Dialysis
- Kidney transplant
How Can You Reduce Your Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy?
The best way to reduce your risk of diabetic nephropathy is to keep your blood sugar levels under control. Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and taking medications as prescribed can help to keep your blood sugar levels in check. It is also important to have regular check-ups with your doctor to monitor your blood sugar levels and check for signs of kidney damage.
Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to kidney failure if left untreated. It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of diabetic nephropathy, and to take steps to reduce your risk of developing this condition. If you have diabetes, it is important to have regular check-ups with your doctor and to make sure that your blood sugar levels are under control.
